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Factores asociados con la hipertensión no tratada en los adultos mayores: resultados del estudio nacional sobre salud y envejecimiento en México, 2001

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Date
2008
Author
Melano-Carranza, Efrén
Lasses Ojeda, Luis Alberto
Ávila-Funes, José Alberto
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar los factores asociados con la falta de adhesión al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial (HTA) diagnosticada en una muestra representativa de adultos mayores mexicanos que viven en la comunidad. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con 2 029 personas de 65 años o más con diagnóstico de HTA, participantes en el Estudio Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento en México realizado en el verano de 2001. La encuesta recabó información sobre algunas características sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, escolaridad, si vivía solo y si realizaba algún trabajo remunerado, entre otras), las enfermedades crónicas, los síntomas depresivos, el deterioro cognoscitivo, el índice de masa corporal, el tabaquismo, el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y las dificultades para realizar actividades básicas (ABVD) e instrumentales (AIVD) de la vida diaria, entre otras. Se evaluó la asociación entre las variables estudiadas y el autoinforme de hipertensión arterial no tratada (HTNT) mediante análisis de regresión logística simple y multifactorial. RESULTADOS: De los 2 029 participantes, 437 (21,5 por ciento) declararon no seguir tratamiento alguno para controlar la HTA, 1 584 (78,1 por ciento) afirmaron seguir un tratamiento y 8 (0,4 por ciento) no respondieron a esa pregunta. El análisis multifactorial ajustado por posibles variables confusoras (edad, sexo, síntomas depresivos y deterioro cognoscitivo) mostró que solo la baja escolaridad (razón de posibilidades [odds ratio, OR] ajustada = 1,70; intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento [IC95 por ciento]: 1,10 a 2,64; P = 0,02 para la escolaridad de 1 a 6 años y OR ajustada = 3,32; IC95 por ciento: 2,10 a 5,24; P 0,01 para los no escolarizados), consumir bebidas alcohólicas (OR ajustada = 1,52; IC95 por ciento: 1,14 a 2,03; P = 0,01) y padecer de incontinencia urinaria (OR ajustada = 1,61; IC95 por ciento: 1,15 a 2,26; P 0,01) resultaron asociadas independientemente con la HTNT. CONCLUSIONES: La HTNT es ...(AU)
 
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with failure to adhere to treatment for diagnosed hypertension among a representative sample of older Mexican adults living in the community. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 2 029 individuals 65 years of age or older with diagnosed hypertension who participated in the Mexican Health and Aging Study, carried out during the summer of 2001. The survey collected information on several demographics (age, sex, schooling, whether living alone, and employment status, among others), any chronic illnesses, symptoms of depression, cognitive deterioration, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and difficulty performing basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Simple and multifactorial logistical regression analyses were used to evaluate the association among the study variables and self-reported untreated high blood pressure. RESULTS: Of the 2 029 participants, 437 (21.5 percent) reported not following any treatment whatsoever for controlling their hypertension; 1 584 (78.1 percent) affirmed they were complying with treatment; and 8 (0.4 percent) did not respond to this question. The multifactorial analysis adjusted for confounding variables (age, sex, symptoms of depression, and cognitive deterioration) showed that only a low number of years of schooling (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.70; 95 percent confidence interval [95 percentCI]: 1.10-2.64; P = 0.02 for 1-6 years of schooling and adjusted OR = 3.32; 95 percentCI: 2.10-5.24; P 0.01 for no schooling), alcohol consumption (adjusted OR = 1.52; 95 percentCI: 1.14-2.03; P = 0.01), and urinary incontinence (adjusted OR = 1.61; 95 percentCI: 1.15-2.26; P 0.01) were independently associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension is a common and important issue among older adults in Mexico. To obtain better medication compliance, doctors prescribing or modifying hypertension treatment should taken into account whether or not the ...(AU)
 
Translated title
Factors associated with untreated hypertension among older adults: results of the Mexican health and aging study, 2001
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;23(5),mayo 2008
Subject
Anciano; Hipertensión; Tratamiento; Falta de Cooperación del Paciente; Mexico; Aged; Hypertension Control; Patient compliance; Mexico; Transtornos Cognitivos; Hipertensão; Hipertensão; Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento; Doenças Crônicas; Transtornos Cognitivos; Estudos Transversais; Transtorno Depressivo Maior; Transtorno Depressivo Maior; Transtorno Depressivo Maior; Nível de Saúde; Mexico; Testes Neuropsicológicos; Fatores de Risco; Índice de Gravidade de Doença
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892008000500001
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9982
Citation
Melano-Carranza, Efrén,Lasses Ojeda, Luis Alberto,Ávila-Funes, José Alberto (2008) Factores asociados con la hipertensión no tratada en los adultos mayores: resultados del estudio nacional sobre salud y envejecimiento en México, 2001. Rev Panam Salud Publica;23(5) 295-302,mayo 2008. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892008000500001
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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