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Depresión mayor en embarazadas atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Lima, Perú

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Date
2009
Author
Luna Matos, Matilde Lena
Salinas Piélago, Joel
Luna Figueroa, Antonio
Metadata
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Abstract
OBJETIVOS: Determinar la prevalencia de depresión mayor durante el embarazo y establecer las características sociodemográficas y obstétricas de las mujeres embarazadas con depresión mayor atendidas en la consulta externa de un hospital de Lima, Perú. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal de asociación simple. Se analizaron 222 gestantes de 16 a 42 años con bajo riesgo obstétrico que acudieron a la consulta externa del Departamento de Obstetricia del Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Lima, Perú, entre el 2 de junio y el 28 de noviembre de 2006. A cada embarazada se le aplicó la escala de depresión de Edimburgo y un cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos y obstétricos. Se determinó la relación entre las variables de estudio según la presencia de depresión mayor mediante las pruebas de la χ2 y de la Z, según el tipo de variable. RESULTADOS: De las 222 gestantes estudiadas, 89 (40,1 por ciento) presentaron depresión mayor. Las mujeres casadas tendían a deprimirse menos; las que no planificaron su embarazo y que presentaron complicaciones durante su gestación tendieron a deprimirse más que sus pares. No se encontró que la edad, el número de hijos, la edad gestacional, el nivel educacional, los antecedentes de aborto, el consumo de alcohol u otras sustancias, la falta de apoyo familiar y la percepción de tener problemas de pareja, familiares, económicos o personales influyeran en la frecuencia de depresión. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de depresión mayor en las gestantes estudiadas fue muy elevada. Se debe prestar especial atención a las mujeres que manifiestan tener un embarazo no planificado y las que sufren complicaciones durante su embarazo, a fin de llegar a diagnósticos tempranos y aplicar tratamientos oportunos.(AU)
 
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of major depression during pregnancy and to define the sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant women with major depression treated by the outpatient clinic at a hospital in Lima, Peru. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with simple association. The analysis consisted of 222 pregnant women 16-42 years of age with low obstetric risk who had visited the outpatient services of the Obstetrics Department at the National Materno-Perinatal Institute in Lima, Peru, from 2 June-28 November 2006. Each pregnant woman was given the Edinburgh Depression Scale and a questionnaire on sociodemographic and obstetric data. The relationship between the study variables was determined by the presence of major depression revealed through either χ2 or Z tests, depending on variable type. RESULTS: Of the 222 pregnant women studied, 89 (40.1 percent) had major depression. Fewer married women tended to be depressed; those with unplanned pregnancies and pregnancy complications were more often depressed than their peers. Age, number of children, gestational stage, educational level, history of abortion/miscarriage, consumption of alcohol or other drugs, lack of family support, and perceived marital, family, or financial problems were not found to influence depression frequency. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of major depression among pregnant women was very high. Special attention should be given to women with unplanned pregnancies and those experiencing complications during pregnancy, so that an early diagnosis can be made and appropriate treatment offered.(AU)
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;26(4),oct. 2009
Subject
Trastorno depresivo mayor; Complicaciones del Embarazo; Peru; Depressive Disorder; Pregnancy Complications; Peru; Transtorno Depressivo Maior; Complicações na Gravidez; Estudos Transversais; Peru; Prevalência; Saúde da População Urbana; Adulto Jovem
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892009001000004
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9765
Citation
Luna Matos, Matilde Lena,Salinas Piélago, Joel,Luna Figueroa, Antonio (2009) Depresión mayor en embarazadas atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Lima, Perú. Rev Panam Salud Publica;26(4) 310-314,oct. 2009. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892009001000004
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