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Cost-effectiveness of improving pediatric hospital care in Nicaragua

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Date
2011
Author
Broughton, Edward I
Gomez, Ivonne
Nu±ez, Oscar
Wong, Yudy
Metadata
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the costs and cost-effectiveness of an intervention to improve quality of care for children with diarrhea or pneumonia in 14 hospitals in Nicaragua, based on expenditure data and impact measures. METHODS: Hospital length of stay (LOS) and deaths were abstracted from a random sample of 1294 clinical records completed at seven of the 14 participating hospitals before the intervention (2003) and 1505 records completed after two years of intervention implementation ("post-intervention"; 2006). Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were derived from outcome data. Hospitalization costs were calculated based on hospital and Ministry of Health records and private sector data. Intervention costs came from project accounting records. Decision-tree analysis was used to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness. RESULTS: Average LOS decreased from 3.87 and 4.23 days pre-intervention to 3.55 and 3.94 days post-intervention for diarrhea (P = 0.078) and pneumonia (P = 0.055), respectively. Case fatalities decreased from 45/10 000 and 34/10 000 pre-intervention to 30/10 000 and 27/10 000 post-intervention for diarrhea (P = 0.062) and pneumonia (P = 0.37), respectively. Average total hospitalization and antibiotic costs for both diagnoses were US$ 451 (95 percent credibility interval [CI]: US$ 419-US$ 482) pre-intervention and US$ 437 (95 percent CI: US$ 402-US$ 464) post-intervention. The intervention was cost-saving in terms of DALYs (95 percent CI: -US$ 522- US$ 32 per DALY averted) and cost US$ 21 per hospital day averted (95 percent CI: -US$ 45- US$ 204). CONCLUSIONS: After two years of intervention implementation, LOS and deaths for diarrhea decreased, along with LOS for pneumonia, with no increase in hospitalization costs. If these changes were entirely attributable to the intervention, it would be cost-saving.(AU)
 
OBJETIVO: Determinar el costo y la eficacia en función del costo de una intervención para mejorar la calidad de la atención de ni±os con diarrea o neumonía en 14 hospitales de Nicaragua, sobre la base de la información sobre gastos y la medición de las repercusiones. MÉTODOS: Se compilaron datos sobre la duración de la hospitalización y la mortalidad de una muestra aleatoria de 1 294 historias clínicas compiladas en 7 de los 14 hospitales participantes antes de la intervención (2003) y 1 505 historias clínicas compiladas después de dos a±os de ejecución de la intervención ("postintervención", 2006). Los a±os de vida ajustados en función de la discapacidad (AVAD) se obtuvieron de los resultados asistenciales. Se calcularon los costos de hospitalización según los registros de los hospitales y del Ministerio de Salud, y datos del sector privado. Los costos de la intervención se obtuvieron de los registros contables del proyecto. Para calcular la relación costo-eficacia incremental se usó un anßlisis de ßrbol de decisiones. RESULTADOS: La duración promedio de la hospitalización disminuyó de 3,87 y 4,23 días antes de la intervención a 3,55 y 3,94 días después de la intervención para la diarrea (P = 0,078) y la neumonía (P = 0,055), respectivamente. La letalidad disminuyó de 45/10 000 y 34/10 000 antes de la intervención a 30/10 000 y 27/10 000 después de la intervención para la diarrea (P = 0,062) y la neumonía (P = 0,37), respectivamente. Los costos totales promedio de la hospitalización y de los antibióticos para ambos diagnósticos fueron de US$ 451 (intervalo de confianza [IC] de 95 por ciento: US$ 419 a US$ 482) antes de la intervención y US$ 437 (IC 95 por ciento: US$ 402-US$ 464) después. La intervención representó un ahorro de costos en cuanto a los AVAD (IC 95 por ciento: -US$ 522 a US$ 32 por cada AVAD evitado) y costó US$ 21 por cada día de hospitalización evitado (IC 95 por ciento: -US$ 45 a US$2 04). CONCLUSIONES: Después de dos...(AU)
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;30(5),nov. 2011
Subject
Hospital Costs; Hospitals, Pediatric; Cost-benefit analysis; Diarrhea; Pneumonia; Delivery of Health Care; Nicaragua; Costos de hospital; Hospitales Pediátricos; Análisis Costo-Beneficio; Diarrea; Neumonía; Prestación de Atención de Salud; Nicaragua; Diarreia; Custos Hospitalares; Hospitais Pediátricos; Pneumonia; Melhoria de Qualidade; Antibacterianos; Redução de Custos; Análise Custo-Benefício; Árvores de Decisões; Diarreia; Diarreia Infantil; Diarreia Infantil; Custos de Medicamentos; Mortalidade Hospitalar; Hospitalização; Hospitais Pediátricos; Tempo de Internação; Nicarágua; Pneumonia; Pneumonia; Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde; Estudos Retrospectivos
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892011001100008
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9442
Citation
Broughton, Edward I,Gomez, Ivonne,Nu±ez, Oscar,Wong, Yudy (2011) Cost-effectiveness of improving pediatric hospital care in Nicaragua. Rev Panam Salud Publica;30(5) 453-460,nov. 2011. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892011001100008
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