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Road safety legislation in the Americas

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Date
2012
Author
Híjar, Martha
Pérez-Núñez, Ricardo
Inclán-Valadez, Cristina
Silveira-Rodrigues, Eugênia Maria
Metadata
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Abstract
Legislating five of the main risk factors for road traffic injuries (RTIs), as much as enforcing the law, is essential in forging an integral culture of road safety. Analysis of the level of progression in law enforcement allows for an evaluation of the state of world regions. A secondary analysis of the 2009 Global status report on road safety: time for action survey was undertaken to evaluate legislation on five risk factors (speed management, drinking and driving, motorcycle helmet use, seatbelt use, and use of child restraints) in the Americas. Laws were classified depending on their level of progression: the existence of legislation, whether the legislation is adequate, a level of law enforcement 6 (on a scale of 0-10), and whether the law is considered comprehensive. A descriptive analysis was performed. The totality of the countries has national or subnational legislation for at least one of the five risk factors. However, 63% have laws on the five risk factors studied, and none of them has comprehensive laws for all five. Seatbelt use appears to be the most extended enforced legislation, while speeding laws appear to be the least enforced. There are positive efforts that should be recognized in the region. However, the region stands in different stages of progression. Law enforcement remains the main issue to be tackled. Laws should be based on evidence about what is already known to be effective.(AU)
 
La legislación sobre cinco de los principales factores de riesgo de sufrir lesiones causadas por el tránsito, así como el cumplimiento de la ley, son esenciales para forjar una cultura integral de seguridad vial. El análisis del nivel de progresión en el cumplimiento de la ley permite evaluar el estado de las regiones del mundo. Se llevó a cabo un análisis secundario de la encuesta Informe sobre la situación mundial de la seguridad vial: es hora de pasar a la acción, de 2009, para evaluar la legislación sobre cinco factores de riesgo (control de la velocidad, conducir bajo la influencia del alcohol, uso del casco al conducir motocicletas, uso de cinturones de seguridad y uso de sistemas de retención para niños) en las Américas. Las leyes se clasificaron según su nivel de progresión: la existencia de legislación, si la legislación es adecuada, un nivel de cumplimiento de la ley 6 (en una escala de 0-10) y si la ley se considera integral. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Todos los países tienen legislación nacional o subnacional al menos con respecto a uno de los cinco factores de riesgo; sin embargo, 63% tienen leyes sobre los cinco factores de riesgo estudiados, y ninguno de ellos tiene leyes integrales para los cinco. La legislación sobre uso de cinturones de seguridad parece ser la de mayor cumplimiento, mientras que las leyes de exceso de velocidad parecen ser las que menos se cumplen. En la región hay esfuerzos positivos que deben reconocerse; sin embargo, existen diferentes etapas de progresión. El cumplimiento de la ley sigue siendo el principal tema por abordar. Las leyes deben basarse en datos de eficacia reconocida.(AU)
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;32(1),jul. 2012
Subject
Health Legislation; Accidents, Traffic; Seat belts; Child restraint systems; Head Protective Devices; Americas; Legislación Sanitaria; Accidentes de Tránsito; Cinturones de seguridad; Sistemas de sujeción infantil; Dispositivos de Protección de la Cabeza; Américas; Veículos Automotores; Segurança; Acidentes de Trânsito; Acidentes de Trânsito; Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas; Américas; Condução de Veículo; Sistemas de Proteção para Crianças; Coleta de Dados; Dispositivos de Proteção da Cabeça; Executoriedade da Lei; Motocicletas; Fatores de Risco; Cintos de Segurança
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892012000700011
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9289
Citation
Híjar, Martha,Pérez-Núñez, Ricardo,Inclán-Valadez, Cristina,Silveira-Rodrigues, Eugênia Maria (2012) Road safety legislation in the Americas. Rev Panam Salud Publica;32(1) 70-76,july 2012. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892012000700011
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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