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Tendencias de la mortalidad por agresiones en mujeres de países seleccionados de América Latina, 2001-2011

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Date
2015
Author
Molinatti, Florencia
Acosta, Laura Débora
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Describir la tendencia temporal de las muertes por agresiones en mujeres en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia y México entre 2001 y 2011. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad por agresiones y eventos de intención no determinada, ajustadas por la edad, según el método directo y la población estándar de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se utilizaron modelos joinpoint para identificar los cambios estadísticamente significativos. Se comparó la razón hombre:mujer de mortalidad y se calcularon las tendencias de las tasas ajustadas para cada una de las dos causas de muerte y las tasas específicas de mortalidad por agresiones en mujeres por grupos de edad. RESULTADOS: En Brasil se registraron las mayores tasas de agresiones en mujeres, seguido por Colombia, México, Argentina y Chile. Entre 2001 y 2011, en Argentina y Colombia se constataron disminuciones, en Brasil y México hubo incrementos y en Chile las tasas se mantuvieron estables. Las mayores tasas específicas se encontraron en mujeres jóvenes (15-29 años) y adultas (30-44 y 45-59 años). En Colombia las tasas disminuyeron en todos los grupos, mientras que en México se incrementaron en mujeres de 15 a 59 años. Solo Colombia evidenció una reducción en las tasas de mortalidad por eventos de intención no determinada; en Argentina y México hubo una disminución al principio del período con un aumento posterior; en Brasil no se observaron variaciones. CONCLUSIONES: Las tasas de mortalidad por agresiones en mujeres de Brasil, Colombia y México entre 2001 y 2011 resultaron superiores al promedio mundial y al promedio de América Latina; en Argentina y Chile fueron más bajas y con menores diferencias entre los sexos. Se debe avanzar en la visualización de las relaciones de poder que subyacen en los asesinatos de mujeres e incluir el feminicidio en las legislaciones penales nacionales.(AU)
 
OBJECTIVE: Describe the trend in deaths by assault in women in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico between 2001 and 2011. METHODS: Descriptive study. Mortality from assaults and undetermined intentional acts was calculated, adjusted for age, using the direct method and the World Health Organization's standard population. Joinpoint regression models were used to identify statistically significant changes. The male:female mortality ratio was compared and trends in the rates were calculated and adjusted for each of the two causes of death and the specific rates of mortality by assault in women by age group. RESULTS: The highest rates of assault of women were reported in Brazil, followed by Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, and Chile. Between 2001 and 2011, decreases were reported from Argentina and Colombia; in Brazil and Mexico the rates increased; and in Chile they remained stable. The highest specific rates were found in young women (15-29 years) and adults (30-44 and 45-59 years). In Colombia the rates declined in all groups, while in Mexico they increased in women aged 15 to 59 years. Only Colombia showed a decrease in mortality from undetermined intentional acts; in Argentina and Mexico there was a decrease at the beginning of the period with a later increase; in Brazil no variations were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality from assaults on women in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico between 2001 and 2011 was higher than the world average and the Latin American average; rates were lower in Argentina and Chile, with minor differences between the sexes. Progress must be made in terms of understanding the power relationships that underlie femicide, which should be included in national criminal legislation.(AU)
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;37(4-5),abr.-mayo 2015
Subject
Salud de la mujer; Violencia contra la Mujer; Homicidio; Mortalidad; América Latina; Women's Health; Violence Against Women; Homicide; Mortality; Latin America
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892015000400014
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/8043
Citation
Molinatti, Florencia,Acosta, Laura Débora (2015) Tendencias de la mortalidad por agresiones en mujeres de países seleccionados de América Latina, 2001-2011. Rev Panam Salud Publica;37(4/5) 279-286,abr.-mai. 2015. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892015000400014
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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