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Rational use of rubella vaccine for prevention of congenital rubella syndrome in the Americas

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Date
1998
Author
Hinman, Alan R
Hersh, Bradley S
Quadros, Ciro A. de
Metadata
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Abstract
Rubella is a viral disease with minor morbidity and few complications unless it is contracted by a pregnant woman. Rubella infection during the first trimester of pregnancy often leads to fetal death or severe congenital defects (congenital rubella syndrome, CRS). Rubella remains endemic in many countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. It has been estimated that 20000 or more infants are perhaps born with CRS each year in Latin American and Caribbean countries. While the inclusion of rubella vaccination into routine childhood immunization will decrease rubella virus circulation among young children, it will not have immediate impact on the transmission of rubella among adults or the occurrence of CRS. A one-time mass campaign targeting both males and females 5 to 39 years of age with measles-mumps-rubella or measles-rubella vaccine followed by the use of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in routine early childhood vaccination will prevent and control both rubella and CRS promptly. In April 1988, the Ministers of Health of the English-speaking Caribbean targeted rubella for elimination by the end of the year 2000 using the vaccination strategy outlined above. The rubella elimination experience of these countries will provide useful information for the eventual elimination of rubella virus from the Americas.(AU)
 
La rubéola es una enfermedad vírica que produce poca morbilidad y pocas complicaciones, a no ser que la contraiga una mujer embarazada. La infección con rubéola durante el primer trimestre del embarazo a menudo termina en muerte fetal o en deformidades congénitas graves (síndrome de anomalías congénitas por rubéola, o SCR). La rubéola sigue siendo endémica en muchos países de América Latina y el Caribe. Se estima que quizá 20 000 niños o más nacen cada año con SCR en países latinoamericanos y caribeños. Si bien la adición de la vacuna contra la rubéola a los programas de inmunización infantil de rutina disminuirá la circulación del virus entre los niños pequeños, no tendrá un impacto inmediato sobre la transmisión de la rubéola entre los adultos o sobre la frecuencia de SCR. Una campaña única dirigida a toda la población de hombres y mujeres de 5 a 39 años de edad en que se aplique la vacuna triple contra el sarampión, la parotiditis y la rubéola, o la vacuna doble contra el sarampión y la rubéola seguida de la vacuna triple como parte de la inmunización rutinaria de niños pequeños servirá para controlar y prevenir de manera inmediata tanto la rubéola como el SCR. En abril de 1988, los Ministros de Salud de países del Caribe angloparlante establecieron la meta de eliminar la rubéola para fines del año 2000 mediante la aplicación de la estrategia de vacunación aquí descrita. La experiencia que han tenido estos países en sus actividades de eliminación de la rubéola será fuente de información provechosa para la eliminación futura del virus de la rubéola de todo el territorio americano.(AU)
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;4(3),sept. 1998
Subject
Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita; Vacina contra Rubéola; Esquemas de Imunização; América Latina; Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita; Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49891998000900002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/7803
Citation
Hinman, Alan R,Hersh, Bradley S,Quadros, Ciro A. de (1998) Rational use of rubella vaccine for prevention of congenital rubella syndrome in the Americas. Rev Panam Salud Publica;4(3),sept. 1998. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49891998000900002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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