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Determinantes del riesgo de desnutrición en los adultos mayores de la comunidad: análisis secundario del estudio Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) en México

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Date
2007
Author
Franco-Álvarez, Nubia
Ávila-Funes, José Alberto
Ruiz-Arreguí, Liliana
Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar los factores psicosociales y de salud asociados con el riesgo de desnutrición (RD) en los adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad en la Ciudad de México, México. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal. Análisis secundario de los datos de las personas de 60 años o más de la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México participantes en el estudio multicéntrico Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) realizado entre 1999 y 2000. Se utilizó la información de 820 participantes (edad media 69,7 ± 7,6 años; 62,9 por ciento mujeres). Además del RD (variable dependiente), establecido mediante la evaluación mínima del estado nutricional, se analizaron otras variables (sociodemográficas, índice de masa corporal, comorbilidad, síntomas depresivos, salud bucal, función mental, capacidad funcional, entre otras). Se analizaron las asociaciones independientes entre las variables y el RD mediante análisis de regresión simple y multifactorial. Se calcularon la razón de posibilidades (odds ratio, OR) y los intervalos de confianza de 95 por ciento (IC95 por ciento). RESULTADOS: El RD estuvo presente en 261 (31,8 por ciento) participantes. El análisis de regresión logística multifactorial ajustado por posibles variables confusoras mostró que el no recibir una jubilación (OR ajustada = 1,45; IC95 por ciento: 1,01 a 2,38), la percepción de no tener el suficiente dinero para vivir (OR ajustada = 2,52; IC95 por ciento: 1,69 a 3,74), tener artrosis (OR ajustada = 2,34; IC95 por ciento: 1,42 a 3,85), tener menor índice de masa corporal (OR ajustada = 0,89; IC95 por ciento: 0,85 a 0,93 ), la presencia de síntomas depresivos (OR ajustada = 5,41; IC95 por ciento: 1,90 a 15,34), el hacer sólo una (OR ajustada = 12,95; IC95 por ciento: 5,19 a 32,28) o dos comidas al día (OR ajustada = 3,27; IC95 por ciento: 2,18 a 4,9) y el tener dificultades para acostarse solo (OR ajustada = 3,25; IC95 por ciento: 1,58 a 6,68), salir solo (OR ajustada = 2,70; IC95 ...(AU)
 
OBJECTIVE: To determine the psychosocial and health determinants associated with malnutrition risk (MR) among older adults living in the community of Mexico City, Mexico. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Secondary analysis was performed on the data of adults who were 60 or more years of age, living in the metropolitan area of Mexico city, and had participated in the multi-city study on Health, Wellbeing, and Aging in 1999 and 2000. Information on 820 participants was analyzed (mean age 69.7 ± 7.6 years; 62.9 percent female). In addition to the MR (dependent variable) that was established through a basic nutrition evaluation, the following variables were analyzed: sociodemographics, body mass index, comorbidity, symptoms of depression, oral health, mental function, functional capability, among others. Independent associations from among the variables and the MR were calculated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95 percentCI) were determined. RESULTS: MR was present in 261 (31.8 percent) participants. The univariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for possible confounding variables showed that the following variables demonstrated significant and independent associations with MR among the study sample population: not having a pension (adjusted OR = 1.45; 95 percentCI: 1.01 - 2.38); feeling that one did not have enough money to live on (adjusted OR = 2.52; 95 percentCI: 1.69 - 3.74); having osteoarthritis (adjusted OR = 2.34; 95 percentCI: 1.42 - 3.85); having a low body mass index (adjusted OR = 0.89; 95 percentCI: 0.85 - 0.93); having symptoms of depression (adjusted OR = 5.41; 95 percentCI: 1.90 - 15.34); eating only once daily (adjusted OR = 12.95; 95 percentCI: 5.19 - 32.28) or twice daily (adjusted OR = 3.27; 95 percentCI: 2.18 - 4.9); and having physical difficulty with getting to bed (adjusted OR = 3.25; CI 95 percent: 1.58 - 6.68), ...(AU)
 
Translated title
Determinants of malnutrition risk among the older adult community: a secondary analysis of the Health, Wellbeing, and Aging Study (SABE) in Mexico
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;22(6),dic. 2007
Subject
Desnutrición; Alimentación; Factores de Riesgo; Anciano; Mexico; Elderly Nutrition; Malnutrition; risk factors; Mexico; Desnutrição; Fatores Etários; Estudos Transversais; Desnutrição; Mexico; Fatores de Risco; Saúde da População Urbana
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892007001100001
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/7758
Citation
Franco-Álvarez, Nubia,Ávila-Funes, José Alberto,Ruiz-Arreguí, Liliana,Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel (2007) Determinantes del riesgo de desnutrición en los adultos mayores de la comunidad: análisis secundario del estudio Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) en México. Rev Panam Salud Publica;22(6) 369-375,dic. 2007. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892007001100001
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