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El papel del género en la demanda de atención por problemas asociados al consumo de alcohol en México

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Date
2008
Author
Belló, Mariana
Puentes-Rosas, Esteban
Icaza, María Elena Medina-Mora
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Abstract
OBJETIVOS: Actualizar la información sobre el papel del género en la búsqueda de ayuda por parte de consumidores de alcohol, así como evaluar las asociaciones de la demanda con otras variables de interés. MÉTODOS: La información proviene de la Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2002, que incluyó 11 252 hogares, en los cuales se entrevistó a un adulto entre 12 y 65 años de edad. Los resultados de este estudio se basan en las respuestas de las 5 406 personas identificadas como consumidoras de alcohol. La demanda de atención se definió como la búsqueda de ayuda por problemas de consumo en el último año. Los consumidores de alcohol quedaron definidos como aquellas personas que consumieron alcohol en el último año. Se calculó la prevalencia nacional de búsqueda de ayuda según género, patrones de consumo, síndrome de dependencia y otros problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas utilizando la demanda de atención como variable dependiente. RESULTADOS: De los bebedores, 1,4 por ciento solicitaron ayuda debido a sus problemas de consumo de alcohol. El porcentaje correspondiente en hombres fue de 2,1 por ciento, mientras que en las mujeres fue de 0,2 por ciento (P 0,001). Por cada mujer dependiente que solicita ayuda, hay 49 hombres que lo hacen. En el análisis multivariado, el género aparece asociado significativamente -usando a las mujeres como referencia-, aún controlando por dependencia y por haber perdido el trabajo debido al consumo de alcohol. CONCLUSIONES: Los hombres tienen mayor probabilidad de solicitar servicios de atención en comparación con las mujeres, quienes enfrentan obstáculos de tipo cultural, familiar y de los servicios. Otro importante predictor es el hecho de haber perdido el trabajo por la bebida. Es necesario enfocar más eficazmente la planeación de servicios a través de programas diseñados para atender las necesidades específicas de las mujeres.(AU)
 
OBJECTIVES: To update information available on the role that gender plays when consumers of alcohol seek help, as well as to evaluate the associations between the demand for treatment and other key variables. METHODS: Data came from 2002 National Survey on Addictions (Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones) in Mexico, which interviewed one randomly-selected individual from 12-65 years of age in each of 11 252 homes. The results of this study are based on the responses of the 5 406 individuals identified as consumers of alcohol. The demand for health care services was defined as seeking treatment for drinking-related problems during the last year. Alcohol consumers were defined as those people who had consumed alcohol during the last year. The national treatment-seeking prevalence rate was calculated by gender, consumption patterns, dependency syndrome, and other alcohol-related issues. In the logistical regression analyses, seeking treatment was used as the dependent variable. RESULTS: Of the total consumers, 1.4 percent sought treatment for drinking-related problems. For males, the corresponding percentage was 2.1 percent, while for women it was 0.2 percent (P 0.001). For each woman with an alcohol dependency who got help, there were 49 males who did so. In the multivariate analysis, gender was significantly associated, using females as the reference, even when controlling for dependency and for absenteeism at work due to excessive alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The probability of seeking treatment is higher among males than females who are faced with cultural, family, and treatment-related barriers. Another important predictor is work absenteeism due to excess drinking. Health care planning needs to sharpen its focus through programs designed to address the specific needs of women.(AU)
 
Translated title
The role of gender in the demand for treatment of problems associated with alcohol consumption in Mexico
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;23(4),abr. 2008
Subject
Servicios de Salud Mental; Trastornos relacionados con Alcohol; Género y Salud; Mexico; Mental Health; Alcohol Abuse; Gender and Health; Mexico; Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas; Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde; Mexico; Fatores Sexuais; Equidad, Salud y Desarrollo Humano; Equidade, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano; Equity, Health and Human Development
URI
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892008000400002
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/7716
Citation
Belló, Mariana,Puentes-Rosas, Esteban,Icaza, María Elena Medina-Mora (2008) El papel del género en la demanda de atención por problemas asociados al consumo de alcohol en México. Rev Panam Salud Publica;23(4) 231-236,abr. 2008. Retrieved from http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892008000400002
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