Leishmaniases: Epidemiological Report in the Americas, No. 1 (April 2013)

Abstract

[Presentation]. Leishmaniases are present in all continents and are endemic in 98 countries, with more than 350 million people at risk. In the Americas, leishmaniases represents a significant public health problem due to its high morbidity and wide geographic distribution. Its complex transmission cycle includes different species of parasites, vectors and reservoirs. Poor populations with difficult access to health services are most affected. Strengthening surveillance and disease control against leishmaniases was taken as a commitment by countries in the World Health Assembly, Resolution WHA 60.13, 2007. This commitment was reinforced in the Americas, by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Directing Council through the adoption of Resolution CD49.R19,2009. The PAHO through the Regional Program on Leishmaniases contributes technical cooperation to the countries of the region.In particular, the Regional Program aims to improving access to diagnosis and treatment of affected persons, strengthening surveillance and control activities and processes for decision making, building capacity, and advancing communication between local health professionals and managers within the region. This report presents the epidemiological situation of leishmaniases in the region and is a joint effort of the National Programs on leishmaniases. Despite some data limitations, a number of epidemiological parameters can be analyzed and discussed to inform efforts for the improvement of leishmaniases surveillance in the Americas.