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Minimum infectious dose for chikungunya virus in Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes

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Date
2017-06
Author
Ledermann, Jeremy P.
Borland, Erin M.
Powers, Ann M.
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Abstract
Understanding the ability of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) to be transmitted by Aedes vectors in the Americas is critical for assessing epidemiological risk. One element that must be considered is the minimum infectious dose of virus that can lead to transmission following the extrinsic incubation period. This study aimed to determine the minimum infection rate for the two Aedes species studied. The results revealed that doses as low as 3.9 log10 plaqueforming units per mL (pfu/mL) of an Asian genotype CHIKV strain can lead to transmission by Ae. albopictus, and doses of at least 5.3 log10 pfu/mL from the same strain are needed for transmission from Ae. aegypti. These low infecting doses suggest that infected individuals may be infectious for almost the entire period of their viremia, and therefore, to prevent further cases, measures should be taken to prevent them from getting bitten by mosquitoes during this period.
 
Comprender la capacidad del virus del chikungunya (CHIKV) de ser transmitido por los vectores del género Aedes en la Región de las Américas es fundamental para evaluar el riesgo epidemiológico. Un elemento que debe tenerse en cuenta es la dosis infecciosa mínima de virus que posibilita la transmisión después del período de incubación extrínseco. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar la tasa de infección mínima para las dos especies del género Aedes estudiadas. Los resultados indican que bastan dosis de tan solo 3,9 log10 unidades formadoras de placas por mililitro (ufp/ml) de una cepa de CHIKV del genotipo asiático para que se produzca la transmisión por Ae. albopictus, en tanto que para la transmisión por Ae. aegypti se necesitan dosis de al menos 5,3 log10 ufp/ml de la misma cepa. Estas dosis bajas indican que las personas infectadas podrían conservar el potencial infeccioso prácticamente durante todo el período de viremia y, por consiguiente, a fin de prevenir más casos, habría que tomar medidas para impedir que reciban picaduras de mosquitos durante ese período.
 
Translated title
Dosis infecciosa mínima del virus del chikungunya en los mosquitos Aedes aegypti y Ae. albopictus
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;41, jun. 2017
Subject
Aedes; Chikungunya virus; Epidemiology; Americas; Virus Chikungunya; Epidemiología
Category of PAHO Strategic Plan 2014-2019
Cat 1. Communicable Diseases
URI
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/34097
Citation
Ledermann JP, Borland EM, Powers AM. Minimum infectious dose for chikungunya virus in Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2017;41:e65.
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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