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Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic literature review and meta-analysis

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Date
2017-05
Author
Lange, Shannon
Probst, Charlotte
Heer, Navrose
Roerecke, Michael
Rehm, Jürgen
Monteiro, Maristela G.
Shield, Kevin
Oliveira, Claire de
Popova, Svetlana
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Abstract
Objective. To estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among the general population of Latin America and the Caribbean, by country, in 2012. Methods. Three steps were taken: a comprehensive, systematic literature search; meta- analyses, assuming a random-effects model for countries with published studies; and regression modelling (data prediction) for countries with either no published studies or too few to obtain an estimate. Results. Based on 24 existing studies, the pooled prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among the general population was estimated for Brazil (15.2%; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 10.4%–20.8%) and Mexico (1.2%; 95%CI: 0.0%–2.7%). The prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy among the general population was predicted for 31 countries and ranged from 4.8% (95%CI: 4.2%–5.4%) in Cuba to 23.3% (95%CI: 20.1%– 26.5%) in Grenada. Conclusions. Greater prevention efforts and measures are needed in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean to prevent pregnant women from consuming alcohol during pregnancy and decrease the rates of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Additional high quality studies on the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean are also needed.
 
Objetivo. Calcular la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo en la población general de América Latina y el Caribe desglosada por país y para el año 2012. Métodos. Se siguieron tres pasos: 1) una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática y amplia; 2) metanálisis, en los que se supuso un modelo de efectos aleatorios respecto de los países sobre los que se disponía de estudios publicados; y 3) el modelado de regresión (predicción de datos) respecto de los países sobre los que no se disponía de ningún estudio publicado o estos eran demasiado escasos para obtener estimaciones. Resultados. Sobre la base de los 24 estudios existentes, se calculó la prevalencia combinada del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo en la población general de Brasil (15,2 %; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95 %: 10,4-20,8 %) y México (1,2 %; IC del 95 %: 0,0-2,7 %). También se calculó la prevalencia prevista del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo en la población general de 31 países, cálculo que arrojó datos comprendidos entre 4,8 % (IC del 95 %: 4,2-5,4 %) en Cuba y 23,3 % (IC del 95%: 20,1-26,5 %) en Granada. Conclusiones. Es preciso redoblar los esfuerzos de prevención e intensificar las medidas en los países de América Latina y el Caribe para impedir que las embarazadas consuman alcohol durante el embarazo a fin de reducir las tasas de los trastornos del espectro alcohólico fetal. También se deben realizar más estudios de buena calidad sobre la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo en América Latina y el Caribe.
 
Objetivo. Estimar a prevalência do consumo de álcool na gravidez na população geral da América Latina e Caribe, por país, em 2012. Métodos. Três etapas foram realizadas: (i) uma busca sistemática abrangente da literatura científica, (ii) meta-análises a partir de um modelo de efeitos aleatórios para os países com estudos publicados e (iii) modelos de regressão (predição de dados) para os países sem nenhum estudo publicado ou com um número muito pequeno de estudos para obter uma estimativa. Resultados. Com base em 24 estudos identificados, estimou-se a prevalência conjunta do consumo de álcool na gravidez na população geral no Brasil (15,2%; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC 95%] 10,4%–20,8%) e no México (1,2%; IC 95% 0,0%–2,7%). A prevalência do consumo de álcool na gravidez na população geral foi prevista em 31 países, variando de 4,8% (IC 95% 4,2%–5,4%) em Cuba a 23,3% (IC 95% 20,1%–26,5%) em Granada. Conclusões. Um grande esforço de prevenção com a adoção de medidas preventivas se faz necessário nos países da América Latina e Caribe para prevenir o uso de álcool entre gestantes durante a gravidez e reduzir os índices de transtornos do espectro alcoólico fetal. Também são necessários outros estudos de alta qualidade da prevalência do consumo de álcool na gravidez na América Latina e no Caribe.
 
Translated title
Prevalencia real y prevista del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo en América Latina y el Caribe: revisión bibliográfica sistemática y metanálisis
 
Prevalência real e prevista do consumo de álcool na gravidez na América Latina e Caribe: revisão sistemática da literatura e meta-análise
 
Series
Rev Panam Salud Publica;41, mayo 2017
Subject
Alcohol Drinking; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Fetal Development; Latin America; Caribbean Region; Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas; Embarazo; Atención Prenatal; Desarrollo Fetal; América Latina; Región del Caribe
Category of PAHO Strategic Plan 2014-2019
Cat 2. Noncommunicable Diseases and Risk Factors
URI
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/34094
Citation
Lange S, Probst C, Heer N, Roerecke M, Rehm J, Monteiro MG, et al. Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2017;41:e89.
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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