Update 2014: Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Syphilis in the Americas
Abstract
[Introduction] Countries in the
Americas committed
to eliminating
mother-to-child
transmission (MTCT) of HIV and
syphilis by 2015 in resolution CD
50.R12. The Pan American
Health Organization (PAHO)
monitors country and regional
progress towards elimination and
the current report summarizes
progress towards elimination goals
between 2010 and 2013. Data on
sexual and reproductive health,
policies and provision of services,
and outcomes regarding pediatric
HIV and congenital syphilis cases
in the Americas are provided in this
report. The analysis presented may
assist policymakers and health care
workers in their efforts to achieve
elimination of MTCT of HIV and
syphilis in the Americas. Regarding sexual and
reproductive health and primary
prevention of HIV and syphilis,
slight improvements have been
made in increasing contraceptive
use and decreasing unmet need
for family planning in the Americas
over the last decade, yet unmet
need remains high in some
populations such as young women.
Condom use among people ages
15-49 reporting more than one
sexual partner has increased
among both men and women, and
initiation of sexual activity before
age 15 has decreased over time in
some countries while remaining
high in others. The fertility rate
among adolescents in the Americas
has declined slightly over time but
the percentage of adolescents who
are pregnant or have children has remained relatively unchanged
despite significant commitments to
prevent adolescent pregnancies in
the Americas. Young people in the
Americas have steadily improved
their knowledge about HIV, but still
less than half were able to correctly
answer five basic questions about
HIV and its transmission in recent
surveys.
Translated title
Eliminación de la transmisión maternoinfantil del VIH y la sífilis en las Américas: actualización del 2014
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