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HIV/AIDS and its interaction with tuberculosis in Latin America and the Caribbean

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Date
1994
Author
Zacarías, Fernando
Salvatierra-González, Roxane
Cuchí, Paloma
Yañez del Villar, Alvaro
Peruga, Armando
Mazín, Rafael
Betts, Claude
Weissenbacher, Mercedes
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Abstract
At present, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is thought to have infected over 17 million people worldwide, over 1 million in North America and roughly 2 million in Latin America and the Caribbean. By comparison, infection with the tuberculosis (TB) agent mycobacterium tuberculosis is far more common, current estimates that roughly one-third of the world's population is infected. These two infections tend to aggravate each other. That is, HIV leads to a progressive immune system depression that favors reactivation of TB in people with latent tuberculous infections; it promotes progression of TB primary infections or reinfections to full-blown tuberculous disease; and it fosters TB transmission, because those simultaneously infected with HIV and M. tuberculosis tend to develop a bacilliferous and contagious TB that can be transmitted to other susceptible individuals, even though the latter are HIV-negative. In addition, this coinfection tends to promote circulation of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis and to produce peculiar manifestations that complicate TB diagnosis, treatment, and control. Overall, it seems clear that the growing threat posed by the these associated agents demands effective action in the form of well-coordinated measures involving thoroughgoing participation by all countries
 
Edited and updated version of a contribution previously published in Spanish in the BOSP. 116(3):250-262, 1994
 
Series
Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO);28(4),dec. 1994
Subject
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Tuberculosis; HIV Infections; Disease Outbreaks; Latin America; Caribbean Region
URI
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/26920
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  • Pan American Journal of Public Health

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